RESUMO
Medicinal plants constitute an arsenal of products with different potentials to be explored. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to assess the antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extract from Brosimum gaudichaudii leaves and fractions against clinically important bacteria. The crude extracts and fractions from the leaves and stem bark were used against Escherichia coli, Klesbsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains. The crude extracts and the fractions were obtained by means of maceration in ethanol and chemically characterized. In the results of the phytochemical screening, the presence of a variety of secondary metabolites was verified, such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins and coumarins. The extracts and their fractions showed inhibitory activity for all three bacteria tested. The inhibition halo varied from 8±0.00 to 14±0.00 mm fir K. pneumoniae, from 8±0.00 to 10±0.00 mm for P. aeruginosa and from 8±0.00 to 9±0.00 mm for S. aureus. Among the fractions tested, the ethyl acetate fraction from both the stem and the leaves presented the best inhibition potential. This indicates that the Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul vegetable extracts present antimicrobial potential. Such being the case, it is suggested to isolate the metabolites present in this fraction to delimit the main compounds responsible for the antimicrobial action.
As plantas medicinais constituem um arsenal de produtos com diferentes potenciais a serem explorados. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano do extrato etanólico das folhas e frações de Brosimum gaudichaudii contra bactérias de importância clínica. Os extratos brutos e as frações das folhas e da casca do caule foram usados contra cepas de Escherichia coli, Klesbsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Staphylococcus aureus. Os extratos brutos e as frações foram obtidos por meio de maceração em etanol e caracterizados quimicamente. Nos resultados da triagem fitoquímica, foi verificada a presença de uma variedade de metabólitos secundários, como flavonoides, esteroides, saponinas, alcaloides, taninos e cumarinas. Os extratos e suas frações apresentaram atividade inibitória para todas as três bactérias testadas. O halo de inibição variou de 8±0,00 a 14±0,00 mm para K. pneumoniae, de 8±0,00 a 10±0,00 mm para P. aeruginosa e de 8±0,00 a 9±0,00 mm para S. aureus. Entre as frações testadas, a fração de acetato de etila do caule e das folhas apresentou o melhor potencial de inibição. Isso indica que os extratos vegetais de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul apresentam potencial antimicrobiano. Sendo assim, sugere-se o isolamento dos metabólitos presentes nessa fração para delimitar os principais compostos responsáveis pela ação antimicrobiana.
Las plantas medicinales constituyen un arsenal de productos con diferentes potenciales por explorar. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial antimicrobiano del extracto etanólico de hojas de Brosimum gaudichaudii y fracciones contra bacterias clínicamente importantes. Los extractos crudos y las fracciones de las hojas y la corteza del tallo se utilizaron contra cepas de Escherichia coli, Klesbsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus. Los extractos crudos y las fracciones se obtuvieron por maceración en etanol y se caracterizaron químicamente. Los resultados del cribado fitoquímico verificaron la presencia de diversos metabolitos secundarios, como flavonoides, esteroides, saponinas, alcaloides, taninos y cumarinas. Los extractos y sus fracciones presentaron actividad inhibitoria para las tres bacterias ensayadas. El halo de inhibición varió de 8±0,00 a 14±0,00 mm para K. pneumoniae, de 8±0,00 a 10±0,00 mm para P. aeruginosa y de 8±0,00 a 9±0,00 mm para S. aureus. Entre las fracciones probadas, la fracción de acetato de etilo del tallo y las hojas mostró el mejor potencial de inhibición. Esto indica que los extractos vegetales de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul tienen potencial antimicrobiano. Así, se sugiere el aislamiento de los metabolitos presentes en esta fracción para determinar los principales compuestos responsables de la acción antimicrobiana.
RESUMO
The reemerging diseases caused by Aedes aegyptiare one of the main public health problems in the world. The control of mosquitoes using larvicidal compounds from products of plant origin is anexcellent alternative. This study aims to evaluate the larvicidal potential of fractions in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hydromethanol from the ethanolicleaf extract of two species of the genus CrotonL. (Euphorbiaceae) against larval forms of A. aegypti, as an alternative tool to control this vector. Dry leaves of Croton betaceusBaill. and Croton lundianus(Didr.) Müll.Arg. were used for biological tests. The compounds were extracted with ethanol (99.8%). The ethanolic extracts of the leaves were suspended in a methanol / water solution and were successively subjected to the liquid-liquid division process with solvents of different polarities: hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate, giving rise to the four fractions. Larvicidal tests were performed with the ethanol extract and fractions resulting from the partition. In the study, the crude extract and the fractions showed larvicidal potential, being hexane fractionthe one with greatest activity.Mortality in C. betaceusfractions was up to 40%. Croton lundianuspresented mortality of up to 93.33% of the larvaesubmitted to the test. Data analysis showed larvicidal activity in the crude extract and fractions. The hexane fraction was more effective, especially in C. lundianus.